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French troops start to withdraw from Niger following coup as extremist attacks rise_我的网站

A |     一直以来，欧洲相对稳定的气温和降雨确保了大多数埋藏在地下的武器保持休眠状态。但今年欧洲经历了完全不同的气候变化。    COTONOU, Benin -- French troops have started leaving Niger more than two months after mutinous soldiers toppled the African country’s democratically elected president, the military said Wednesday. More than 100 troops left in two flights from the capital Niamey on Tuesday in the first of what will be several rounds of departures between now and the end of the year, said French military spokesman, Col. Pierre Gaudilliere. All are returning to France, he said. Niger’s state television broadcast images of a convoy leaving a base in Ouallam in the north, saying it was bound for neighboring Chad, to the east. The departure comes weeks after French President Emmanuel Macron announced that France will end its military presence in Niger and pull its ambassador out of the country as a result of the coup that removed President Mohamed Bazoum in late July. Some 1,500 French troops have been operating in Niger, training its military and conducting joint operations.Also Tuesday, the junta gave the United Nations resident coordinator in Niger, Louise Aubin, 72 hours to leave the country, according to a statement from the Foreign Ministry. The junta cited “underhanded maneuvers” by the U.N. secretary-general to prevent its full participation in last month’s General Assembly in New York as one of the reasons.The military rulers had wanted Niger’s former ambassador to the United Nations, Bakary Yaou Sangare, who was made foreign minister after the coup, to speak on its behalf at the General Assembly. However, Bakary did not receive credentials to attend after the deposed Nigerien government’s foreign minister sent the world body a letter “informing of the end of functions of Mr. Bakary as permanent representative of Niger to the United Nations,” said U.N. spokesman, Stephane Dujarric.The U.N. did not immediately respond about the junta's demand for Aubin to leave. Since seizing power, Niger’s military leaders have leveraged anti-French sentiment among the population against its former colonial ruler and said the withdrawal signals a new step towards its sovereignty.The United States has formally declared that the ousting of Bazoum was a coup, suspending hundreds of millions of dollars in aid as well as military assistance and training. Niger was seen by many in the West as the last country in Africa's Sahel region — the vast expanse south of the Sahara Desert — that could be partnered with to beat back a growing jihadi insurgency linked to al-Qaida and the Islamic State group. French troops have already been ousted by military regimes in neighboring Mali and Burkina Faso, which are seeing a surge in attacks.Analysts warn that France's withdrawal will leave a security vacuum that extremists could exploit. “French forces might not have defeated these groups, but at least disrupted and limited their activities, said said Rida Lyammouri, senior fellow at the Policy Center for the New South, a Moroccan-based think tank.With the French out of the picture, these will likely "expand to areas where French forces were providing support to Nigerien forces, especially on the borders with Mali and Burkina Faso,” Lyammouri said. Violence has already spiked since the coup. In the month after the junta seized power, violence primarily linked to the extremists soared by more than 40%, according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project. Jihadi attacks targeting civilians quadrupled in August, compared with the month before, and attacks against security forces spiked in the Tillaberi region, killing at least 40 soldiers, the project reported.___Associated Press writer Angela Charlton in Paris contributed to his report.。

B | 1月的大雨加速植被生长，而夏季的高温又使植被变得极易燃烧。世界天气归因组织称，欧洲今夏的高温加上干旱、低湿度和强风，为长时间的火灾提供了理想的环境。        ▲2026年8月17日，在比利时瓦伊姆斯附近，被野火烧焦的田野上冒出滚滚浓烟    一般来讲，普通地表火焰可能持续时间不够长，不一定能够把地下弹药加热到危险程度；但如果火势持续数小时甚至数天，或者火焰向干燥的泥炭层、枯枝落叶层和土壤深处蔓延，就可能让热量逐渐传递到地下。

C | 弹药经过几十年腐蚀以后，弹体、引信等部件的状态已经与出厂时不同，某些情况下反而可能更加不稳定。    比利时、法国、德国多地炮弹、地雷等弹药爆炸    在比利时东部列日省茂密的泥炭沼泽森林中，二战期间遗留的炸弹和地雷遍布。

D | 这片森林横跨比利时与德国的边境，曾是血腥的阿登战役在内的多场重要战役的发生地。    在今年夏天，该地区燃起熊熊大火。省长埃尔韦·贾马尔表示，近日听到“零星爆炸声”，应急部门正在调整应对措施，以应对火灾区域内埋藏的弹药。        ▲当地时间2026年8月15日，德国迪伦，消防员正在许特根瓦尔德森林火灾现场扑灭热点。这场大火迄今已烧毁200多公顷土地，成为北莱茵-威斯特伐利亚州有史以来最大的野火（图据视觉中国）    在法国西南部城市波尔多郊外一片干燥的森林中，一场大规模野火让人们也发现了二战时期的400枚炮弹，主要为迫击炮弹，以及一些高爆反坦克炮弹。    当地消防指挥官托马斯·米米亚格表示，火灾期间听到的爆炸声可能是炮弹爆炸。当地市长马歇尔·扎尼内蒂称，“我们市辖区内埋藏着弹药库，但我们并不知道，结果它们爆炸了。其中一枚弹药的碎片穿过了一栋房子，超过180栋房屋被大火烧毁。”        ▲当地时间2026年8月17日，德国萨克森州海德瑙，易北河皮尔纳附近发现一枚二战遗留炸弹并成功拆除（图据视觉中国）    在欧洲发现未爆炸弹药并不罕见。比利时爆炸物处理和销毁部门每年在全国范围内会接到3000多起求助电话，并处理200至250吨两次世界大战遗留的弹药。    通常情况下，这些炸弹会被小心处理，要么被拆除，要么被有意地、精确地引爆。

E | 但野火的高温会引爆炸药，使情况变得无法控制。        ▲当地时间2026年7月2日，德国巴登-符腾堡州斯图加特，一枚二战遗留航空炸弹被发现（图据视觉中国）    德国勃兰登堡州森林茂密，大片区域曾是前东德的训练场，据信近20%的土地上藏有旧弹药。在今年夏天，这里的一场森林火灾，造成附近村庄约2000人撤离，消防工作也因为地下未爆弹药而受到严重限制。    德国花350万美元买遥控坦克应对    德国全球火灾监测中心负责人约翰·戈尔德哈默表示，持续的高温干旱和老旧弹药的劣化增加了炸弹爆炸的可能性。土壤的周期性冻融也会将旧弹壳带到地表，就像花坛里每年冬天都会冒出新的石头一样。

F |     为了应对这一情况，当地政府耗资350万美元购买了两辆遥控坦克，一辆配备抓取臂和可喷射180英尺水柱或泡沫的消防水带，另一辆则负责犁地清除植被，还有一辆供操作员乘坐的装甲车。这样，消防员就能够到达拆弹小组尚未检查过的区域，以便他们能够开辟防火隔离带。

G |     巴特表示，控制德国的野火需要的是深层次的改革，用混交林取代易燃的松树林会有所帮助。

H | 加快探测和清除旧弹药的进程也同样重要，他悲观地表示：“或许100年后我们就能做好准备。”返回，查看更多。

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